Introduction

Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3 or Global Goal 3) is about "Good health and well-being". Which is essential to sustainable development. There is an urgent need to fully eradicate a wide range of diseases and address many different persistent and emerging health issues. Similarly, the idea is to determine how universities deal with specific conditions and diseases and support their academic community. This Goal focused on the importance of ensuring that everyone enjoys healthy lifestyles and well-being at all ages, in order to reach a world free of physical and psychological diseases that can be achieved through high-quality health care systems that provide coverage and protection for all.

Good health is essential to sustainable development and the 2030 Agenda reflects the complexity and interconnectedness of the two. It takes into account widening economic and social inequalities, rapid urbanization, threats to the climate and the environment, the continuing burden of HIV and other infectious diseases, and emerging challenges such as noncommunicable diseases. Universal health coverage will be integral to achieving SDG 3, ending poverty and reducing inequalities. Emerging global health priorities not explicitly included in the SDGs, including antimicrobial resistance, also demand action

KSA has heavily invested in the healthcare system through the build-up of quality infrastructure. The sector has been given top priority by the government as it has consistently been the top recipient of government expenditures (Figure 1)15. Government employees are ensured access to public healthcare. However, since the heavily unequal distribution of Saudi/Non-Saudi employees in the public sector (95%/5%) vs the private sector (22/78%), not all residents have access to health services16. Temporary Contractual Workers usually rely on private health insurance and around 10 million people are covered by this scheme. Although mandatory employment-based insurance was introduced in 1999 it has not fully been enforced, particularly for irregular migrants, domestic workers and low-skilled workers. Almost 78% of the non-Saudi population was enrolled in private insurance compared to 15% of Saudis17 . However, several governorates have less than 70% of the non-Saudi population with private health insurance (Madinah, Qaseem and Najran). In 2020 there was also a decline in the number of privately insured employees. A possible reason is the reduction of non-Saudi employees in the labor force.

The Kingdom strives to boost general health for its citizens and residents, by launching several initiatives in the health sector at the local and global levels, including but limited to supporting maternal and childcare programs, providing vaccinations, reducing infant mortality and increasing life expectancy.